Relative quantification [ 60] of miRNA expression levels derived from profiling experiments was tested for significant differences by applying significance analysis of microarrays (SAM) [ 61] which uses permutation.
We tested for significant differences between the mean ψξ of the different models, using a Student's t-test followed by a Bonferroni correction for multiple testing (multiple pairwise comparisons).
We then tested for significant differences in evolutionary rates between promoters of different categories, using methods similar to those above.
Pairwise relatedness values were tested for significant differences between tandem partners and termites from different tandem pairs in each of 5 light trap samples.
Pairwise relatedness values were tested for significant differences between tandem partners and termites from different tandem pairs in each sample (Kruskal Wallis analysis of variance [ANOVA], SPSS).
We also tested for significant differences between two correlation coefficients obtained from two different relationships in the same samples [ 36].
To check for differences in habitat perception by each host (e.g. different type occupancy in each site) we tested for significant differences in host densities at the vegetation classes available on each site.
Students' final results for the overall course were tested for significant differences, again indicating that students who accepted evolution marginally outperformed (p = 0.04) students who did not.
Mean temperatures, water contents, pH, and electrical conductivities measured at urban and periurban decomposition sites were tested for significant differences via t-tests.
We tested for significant differences in these metrics between the three land use zones and between two periods, 1972 1992 and 1993 2001.
Reliability and relevance categories assigned to each study were tested for significant differences between evaluation methods using the exact (permutation) version of the Chi-square test in R [37].
