However, concerns remain about errors in interpreting test results by users, relatively lower sensitivity in early infections, emotional consequences of reactive results and access to counselling, impact on STI testing frequency, and linking people diagnosed with a self-test to care [ 32, 48, 49].
Early linkage from HIV testing to care was crucial for improving retention in care.
There is a compelling and urgent need to develop and test comprehensive HIV testing, linkage to care, retention in care and adherence interventions for black MSM.
There are three HIV testing-related outcomes: 1) HIV-negative, 2) HIV-infected, but not tested or linked to HIV care and therefore not treated, and 3) HIV-infected, tested, linked to care, and treated (Figure S1).
The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to enhance HCV testing, linkage to care, and treatment uptake among PWID.
The District of Columbia has implemented intensified testing, linkage to care, free condom distribution, and needle exchange to address the high HIV transmission in the District [30].
It requires HIV testing, linkage to care, cART availability, national guidelines permitting cART administration, and adherence to lifelong therapeutic regimens.
Targeted campaigns need to continue to be evaluated, to reduce the gender disparity and improve testing, linkage to care, and ultimately health outcomes for men.
We developed a system dynamics model of the continuum of HIV care in Vancouver, Canada, which reflects key activities and decisions in the delivery of antiretroviral therapy, including HIV testing, linkage to care, and long-term retention in care and treatment.
Key questions identified here concern issues pertaining to testing, effective linkage to care for those who test positive, retention in care, initiation of ART and assistance with adherence issues to attain viral suppression [ 41].
The clinical study known as HPTN 065 is using this approach as part of its evaluation of the feasibility of an enhanced community-level test and link to care.
