An approximately unbiased test constraining the monophyly of Nephilengys, Nephila, and Nephilinae (Nephila, Nephilengys, Herennia), respectively, rejected Nephilengys monophyly, but not that of Nephila and Nephilinae.
A topology test constraining all known inseminating taxa into one clade, however, rejects a single origin for insemination (Table 5).
The other part is the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) which appeared to be the sticking point; Reagan wanted unlimited SDI testing and Gorbachev wanted SDI testing constrained for 10 years (until all nuclear weapons were abolished).
Shimodaira-Hasegawa and Kishino-Hasegawa tests (constraining all species with maternal care in Acanthosomatinae as a monophyletic group) rejected the monophylgetic origin of the maternal care in the subfamily (Fig. 1a) (p < 0.001 in both the SH and KH tests).
Furthermore, Templeton and SH tests constraining each non-monophyletic genus into the mitochondrial dataset identified strong departures from congruence in 16 (nine in [ 15]; seven in [ 21]) out of the 19 comparisons (Table 2).
The likelihood ratio test constrains β EG DOM 2)≡0 under the null hypothesis and has 1 df.
The likelihood ratio test constrains β E G (4 ≡0 under the null hypothesis of no interaction and has 1 df.
As a consequence, the conditions of test constrain the recruitment of majority both fast- and slow-contracting motor units [ 37].
The relation between E and G is modeled as a simple linear regression assuming additive genetic effects at the genetic locus: The likelihood ratio test constrains β EG (1)≡0 under the null hypothesis and has 1 df.
The relation between E and G is modeled as a simple linear regression but with the introduction of a term to model any dominance deviance associated with the interaction: The likelihood ratio test constrains β EG (3)≡0 and β EG D (3)≡0 under the null hypothesis and has 2 df.
