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Consequently, variation in intensity of territorial interactions between individuals related to differences between habitats in territory density may potentially explain population differences in song.
It is difficult to work together on the territorial interactions of the different ecosystems and their implication for well-being.
Players have high emotions, adrenaline pumping and close social and territorial interactions with team members and coaches -- it gives us plenty of fun body language spotting opportunities.
Both sexes give a sharp, loud kip call as an alarm or during territorial interactions, adapting a similar pose as for the advertising call.
Territorial interactions, for instance, require an investment of energy and time.
Non-additive effects of genotype on behavioural outcomes were particularly strong for territorial interactions.
Similar(35)
First, we were curious to see whether territorial success in males is a transitive trait, where, as has been suggested, the more initially aggressive male normally wins a territorial interaction [14].
Second, we also assessed risk taking by measuring the distance at which individual males flee from an approaching predator when the focal bird was engaged in a stimulated territorial interaction.
In a field study of free-living male collared flycatchers, Ficedula albicollis, we characterised personality based on the exploration of an altered breeding environment, and based on the risk taken when a potential predator was approaching during a simulated territorial interaction.
This raises the possibility that skylarks might use modulation in those parameters to signal their competitive potential in a territorial interaction.
Several previous studies have reported that birds decrease the frequency parameters of their vocalizations in a territorial interaction (black-capped chickadees, P. atricapillus; Hill and Lein 1987; Otter et al. 2002; Montezuma Oropendolas, Psarocolius montezuma, Price et al. 2006; scops owls, Otus scops, Hardouin et al. 2007; African black coucals, C. grillii, Geberzahn et al. 2009, 2010).
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