From the varying terrain, soils and microclimates, 19 varietals are grown for a broad portfolio of estate wines.
In particular, empirical scaling analysis was conducted to investigate the linkages between the spatial and temporal variability of soil moisture, and landscape characteristics including terrain, soils, and vegetation.
Development costs are also estimated, taking into account the nature of the terrain, soil and rock conditions, drainage requirements, and local land values.
Sake breweries have been supporting this region for a few hundred years, and brewing has received the natural benefits of the coastal sand dunes (terrain, soil, water quality, etc).
Overall, this study demonstrated the intertwined spatial complexity and temporal dynamics in soil moisture controls by terrain, soil, and crop across a typical agricultural landscape, the degree of which is a function of spatial scale, soil depth, and season.
In addition, in order to illustrate vegetation distributional patterns in relation to bio-physical gradients (in terrain, soil parameters, biomass and stocking density; Fig. 4) a canonical correspondence analysis was performed on the thirty most important species (accounting for 69% of TeAGB, Table 3).
An AGB map based on radar remote sensing data and plot-based measurements were utilised, plus landscape scale data on terrain, soil types, land allocation zoning, fires, roads, rivers and cities, covering North and East Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo (see Figure 1).
Whether reducing the deleterious impacts of logging also reduces profits seems to depend on site conditions (e.g., terrain, soil trafficability, and riparian areas), whether the profits from illegal activities are included in the baseline, and the perspective from which the economic calculations are made.
Non-linear effects were considered for canopy cover, deciduous canopy cover, forest age, amount of regenerating forest used and terrain soil wetness since intermediate amounts of these habitat conditions are normally preferred [ 72, 74, 75].
An AGB map based on radar remote sensing data and plot-based measurements were utilised, plus landscape scale data on terrain, soil types, land allocation zoning, fires, roads, rivers and cities, covering North and East Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo (see Figure 1).
In plains and gently undulating terrains, soil spatial variability is not closely related to relief, and thus digital soil mapping (DSM) methods based on soil landscape relationships often fail in these areas.
