The study design allowed to produce a tool that can be used to distinguish between different types of case management interventions and further evaluate their effect on frail older people in terms of the delaying institutionalisation, functional and cognitive status, quality of life and societal costs.
Second, our study design excluded institutionalised patients from the analysis and, therefore, the cost estimates produced in this study are likely to be an under-estimate of the total CF cost due to non-inclusion of institutionalisation and long-term care costs.
Delirium is independently associated with several adverse outcomes, including elevated costs, increased length of stay, long-term cognitive and functional decline, increased risk of institutionalisation, higher mortality, and patient and carer distress [ 3– 7].
Jacob's warm relationship with his father would be appealing to all young children. 5. "Chief" Bromden, in One Flew over the Cuckoo's Nest by Ken Kesey It is never clear whether Bromden is actually deaf and mute (the now non-politically correct terms used in the book), or simply a victim of institutionalisation. Whichever the case, I have always rooted for the quiet survivor.
Italy is a world leader in terms of inclusive education and de-institutionalisation of people with mental health problems but in other areas it is not.
"Why is it considered acceptable to institutionalise older people when other forms of institutionalisation have been eradicated?" she asks.
Fear of falling and associated avoidance of activity are common among older people and may have negative consequences in terms of functional decline, quality of life and institutionalisation.
A degree of institutionalisation is needed.
In 1908, manic-depressive Clifford Beers published an account of his experiences of institutionalisation.
The first thing that struck me was the extraordinary level of institutionalisation.
