BoNTs are single chain proteins with an N-terminal light chain (LC) and a C-terminal heavy chain (HC).
The C-terminal light chain also contains the classic catalytic triad, which is composed of His603, Asp646, and Ser741.
The C-terminal light chain of plasmin (residues 562 791, molecular weight (MW) 25 kDa) contains a typical SP that is homologous to trypsin.
Of the two kallikreins, tissue kallikrein is composed of only protease sequence, while plasma kallikrein exhibits an N-terminal heavy chain in addition to a C-terminal light chain with protease activity.
They consist of an N-terminal heavy chain and a C-terminal light chain linked by a disulfide bridge with three tandemly repeated cystatin-like domains (D1, D2, and D3) [ 97].
Mature human pre-kallikrein, a precursor of plasma kallikrein, consists of 619 amino acids (Chung et al. 1986), and activation of the pre-kallikrein to kallikrein is induced by cleavage at the amide bond between Arg and Ile resulting in the production of a heterodimer consisting of an N-terminal heavy chain and a C-terminal light chain containing a Cys Cys bond (Wuepper and Cochrane 1972).
Here, we report the full-length crystal structure of the engineered, dimeric, blue-light-regulated SHK YF1 at 2.3 Å resolution, in which two N-terminal light-oxygen-voltage (LOV) photosensors are connected by a coiled coil to the C-terminal effector modules.
Aureos typically consist of an N-terminal domain with unknown function, a basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) DNA-binding domain, and a C-terminal light-oxygen-voltage (LOV) sensing domain.
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In the nerve end terminal, the light chain (50 kD) cleaves SNAP-25 protein, which is essential in the fusion of acetylcholine vesicles with the nerve end membrane [17].
