Sentence examples for term substitution from inspiring English sources
The term substitution refers in general to the replacement of any group in a molecule by any other group.
The Coq function presented in Fig. 5 encodes term substitution.
However, since our interest is on extracting a mechanically verified type checker, our definition of the step relation may be restricted to closed terms (i.e. terms that don't have free variables) and thus we can avoid the extra complexity of dealing with the problem of free variable capture in the formalisation of substitution.2 Fig. 5 Coq function for term substitution.
It is therefore likely that the cyprinid substitution rate we employed is inflated (faster short term substitution rates for the taxa used for the calculation [ 16] than the "real" long term cyprinid substitution rate) and hence, the divergence time estimates have been underestimated.
A large retrospective multi-center study, NHANES I, conducted in 3825 women in the USA, showed that women under long-term substitution had one-third fewer wrinkles than non-substituted patients (Dunn et al 1997).
It would also price out serious development of a long-term substitution of oil by alternative energy sources.
While the long-term substitution potential is uncertain, it may amount to a quarter of current fuel consumption in the EU.
We hereafter refer to the TYLCV substitution rate estimate as the begomovirus "short-term substitution" (STS) rate.
These viruses are arthropod-borne and are known to display both relatively high short-term substitution [10], [11], [20] and recombination rates [21], [22].
Such low long-term substitution rates are clearly consistent with the hypothesis that some geminivirus species might be co-diverging with either their vector or host species [13], [25].
There has recently been a flurry of interest in such "fossilised" virus sequences when it was realised that they could potentially be used to determine the long-term substitution rates of their contemporary relatives [16] [19], [30].
