Exact(5)
Extensive empirical results show that the new method significantly outperforms the LDA-based methods in term of model quality and meaningfulness of topics and topic hierarchies.
The interaction term of model 4a is not significant, indicating that prior to The Expansion, gender gaps were the same between better-off families and economically worse families, or 52% (e0.418−1) more odds for males.
Comparative studies established the dominance of single and two-stage fractional adaptive algorithms over other counterpart in term of model accuracy and reliability in case of different scenarios based on variant signal to noise ratios and step size parameters.
This is a general concern: Even assuming the framework is valid, a simplified situation (in term of model parameters) is used to make categorical distinctions, and so it's not clear whether the conclusions are generic or if they only applied to the simplified situation.
For the comparisons in terms of magnitude, the maximal percentage of variation between statistically significant coefficient estimates for each explanatory variable was calculated as follows: β ^ max − β ^ min ÷ β ^ min × 100 ) The geographical sets of units were then compared in term of model fitting.
Similar(3)
There is a real lack in term of models for this specific application.
The other smooth terms of model h5 have similar effect to those of model h3.
Some scholars hold that IIA property is totally reasonable in terms of model theory.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com