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They observed extensive surface tension reduction and good emulsification.
The surface tension reduction was confirmed for pulsed microwave irradiation.
It is a one-component system for interfacial tension reduction and viscosity control.
Particularly, wettability alteration and interfacial tension reduction are the two key mechanisms which should be considered.
Fluorocarbon gases provide osmotic stabilization and a co-surfactant contribution to interfacial tension reduction.
The results obtained indicated the utilization of potato substrate and production of surfactant as indicated by high surface tension reduction.
It is evident from Table 1 that the two surfactants showed the synergism in interfacial tension reduction.
They achieved a yield of 8.0 g/l after 96 h with surface tension reduction to 27.4 mN/m.
These molecules have the abilities to reduce superficial and interfacial tension reduction between solids, liquids and gases.
Other mechanism includes interfacial tension reduction, rock dissolution, ionic exchange, and oil emulsion also reported as possible mechanism.
The morphology changes can be explained by an interfacial tension reduction, which alters structure dynamics during annealing.
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