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Another important issue is that the temporal contour of speech energy of a filter bank output approximately resembles a bell-like shape in the spectrum, i.e., energy level rising from the speech onset point and vice versa.
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GMM-based systems were used to model distributions without taking into account temporal contours.
Theorists of globalization disagree about the precise sources of recent shifts in the spatial and temporal contours of human life.
Specifically, linear approximations to temporal contours of formant frequencies, glottal parameters and pitch are used to model short-term temporal information over individual segments of voiced speech.
In 1904, the literary figure Henry Adams diagnosed the existence of a "law of acceleration," fundamental to the workings of social development, in order to make sense of the rapidly changing spatial and temporal contours of human activity.
In the work reported herein, the purpose of the speech re-synthesis procedure is to determine temporal contours of the speech production model parameters and then to re-synthesise speech from these parameter contours or their linear approximations.
Arguing in the 1970s and '80s that recent shifts in the spatial and temporal contours of social life exacerbated authoritarian political trends, the French social critic Paul Virilio seemed to confirm many of Dewey's darkest worries about the decay of democracy.
Although the intense sense of territorial compression experienced by so many of our contemporaries is surely reminiscent of the experiences of earlier generations, some contemporary writers nonetheless argue that it would be mistaken to obscure the countless ways in which ongoing transformations of the spatial and temporal contours of human experience are especially far-reaching.
His reflections on human finitude and on the temporal contours of human experience made a lasting impact on 20th-century existentialism; and his account of dialogue presented the interpersonal relation between "I" and "You" as both constitutive of selfhood and as yielding redemptive communal consequences.
Using this back-end configuration, a series of experiments were carried out to compare the performances of systems that modelled temporal contours of pitch and glottal parameters and vocal tract parameters with the performances of systems that modelled only static distributions.
This paper investigates an approach that combines both, with the use of temporal contours of parameters extracted from a three-component model of speech production as features in an automatic emotion recognition system using a hidden Markov model (HMM -based back-end.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com