One group (CT group) received a control diet, which was formulated, with 60% cereals, 20% milk by-products, 6% soy protein concentrate, 5% low temperature fish meal, 4% soy bean meal 44, and 4% full fat soy as the main ingredients (Table 1).
Upon ingestion of food, stomach secretes gastric juice, but it may take considerable time (up to 2 h) to recover to its original pH (1.5 2.5). 3 Meal temperature can also affect intragastric temperature and, subsequently, the rate of gastric emptying.
Furthermore, the gastric motility might be influenced by meal temperature [ 4], but as the mean temperature of the test meals used in this study, measured immediately prior to ingestion, showed only very slight variation (mean temperature, 21.2 ± 1.9°C) such a possible influence was interpreted as insignificant.
Tovala utilizes a combination of dry and wet heat cooking technology instead of microwave technology to quickly cook food and get the right overall temperature for each meal.
The decrease of moisture content and FHR all resulted in significant increases of both oil and meal temperature and net enthalpy change.
Skytrax grades each airline across a giant matrix on over 400 criteria, including efficiency of the check-in process, the quality of the onboard entertainment and the temperature of the meal service entrée when it is served.
The preparing time and the meal temperature might influence the viscosity of the water soluble fibers in the meal.
Meal temperature was measured using a non-contact thermometer (Thermo-Hunter, model PT-2LD; Optex Co., Otsu, Japan).
The blood glucose level, hyperinsulinemia, gender, certain drugs [ 2], body size [ 3], meal temperature [ 4], and smoking [ 5] could be other influencing factors.
Fly stocks were maintained at room temperature on corn meal-yeast-agar medium obtained from the University of Arizona fly food facility.
