This figure is buoyed by its technology arm, TCS, and by Tata Motors, which owns JLR.
The third, Michael Hehir, came to the company last June from McGraw-Hill Ventures, a media technology arm of McGraw-Hill.
Another solution comes from NDS, the technology arm of Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation, which has developed a system using pay-TV and smart-card technology.
Its high profits help fund growth, and Tata Sons could raise almost $12 billion by reducing its stake in TCS, its technology arm, from 74% to 51%.
"The current model is broken, it doesn't scale," said Sunil Bajpai, group general manager for the Center for Railway Information Systems, the technology arm of India's state-owned railway system.
Built on work by the Office of Naval Research, the science and technology arm of the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps, Tor was developed by researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, in Cambridge, and by volunteers.
Its technology arm, Samsung Electronics, now accounts for around three-quarters of the group's market value, up from below half in the mid-1990s.
Earlier this month Opeanreach announced that Clive Selley, the boss of BT's technology arm, will replace Joe Garner as chief executive when the latter joins Nationwide.
Clive Selley, the boss of BT's technology arm, will replace Joe Garner, who is leaving to become chief executive of the world's biggest building society, Nationwide.
Having joined the BBC in May 2007, Huggers was appointed as director of the corporation's future, media and technology arm in August 2008, replacing Ashley Highfield.
