(2) It embraced the flood of non-technological patents that followed State Street, arguing in international harmonization negotiations that allowing patents for all activities, not just technology, was "best practice".
Our analyses strongly implicate publication as an important mechanism for accelerating the rate of technological innovation: Patents that reference published material, whether peer-reviewed or not, receive more citations, primarily because their influence diffuses faster in time and space.
But the Brookings research details just how concentrated an activity associated with scientific and technological innovation — patent filings — really is.
The innovation of SMEs is measured by technological innovation: patent, utility model, trademark, and new design registrations.
It does not follow, however, that it will withstand technological competition, patent expiration and litigation or determined public efforts to improve interpretation of BRCA mutations.
We assess the technological focus of patents along the core trajectory of knowledge generation, identified through a patent-citation network analysis, and link it to a classification of technological problems into different levels in the design hierarchy.
However, it is emphasized that, to date, no studies have been found concerning technological mapping of patents involving isoflavones.
The positive correlation between education (EDUCATION) and patent citations is expected because higher education leads to a more skilled labor force, which would then be more likely to create technological advance via patents.
However, a recent study by Coombs and Bierly (2006) looked at the effectiveness of some technological measures using patent citations and came to a conclusion that the total number of patents is not usually a valid measure of technological capability.
