The design and optimization of reactor networks using the conventional concept of attainable region is based on technological (conversion, selectivity, etc)., rather than, economical criteria (cost, profit, etc).
The current research on biofuel production deals with the technological barriers of economical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars.
The variety of emerging technological developments for the conversion of woodfuel into energy (e.g. co-combustion, increased use of combined heat and power, and new techniques for the utilization of wood residues for woodfuel production) will make wood energy solutions not only more cost-effective but also more easily usable for the specific local needs of both developed and developing countries.
A full lifecycle perspective is included, emphasizing early stage phases associated with scientific and technological developments, together with key transitions between phases related to the conversion of scientific knowledge to technological capability, application, industrial activity and economic value.
In order to resolve these issues, standard manuals of all K-water's technological tasks will be established through the conversion of tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge.
This paper reports on a longitudinal study of how two technological fields that received significant public funding evolved biochemical conversion of biomass and thermal conversion of black liquor.
Fundamentals, modern status, technological prospects and possible practical applications of direct conversion of methane to methanol (DMTM) are discussed in the connection with modern trends in the gas industry.
Agglomeration, formation of deposits, slagging, fouling, and corrosion problems are well-described technological problems caused by mineral elements during thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass (other than wood) [ 8, 9].
Based on these properties, several technological applications have been suggested for DAOs, including the conversion of amino acid precursors to α-keto acids [ 5], the resolution of racemic mixtures of (non-natural) amino acids [ 6, 7], and the use in biosensors for quantitative detection of D-amino acids [ 8- 10].
Therefore, efficient conversion of lignocellulosic biomass is a scientific and technological problem around the world.
