In 1937 the Hungarian-born mathematician John von Neumann analyzed a steadily expanding economy based on alternative methods of production and fixed technological coefficients.
It is shown how the problem can be modeled and efficiently solved in a multi-phase approach in which objective function and technological coefficients are derived in the first phases and incorporated into the formulation and solution of a mathematical model in the final phase.
In this equation, A is the technological coefficients' matrix, y represents the vector of final demand and x is a vector that shows the level of output.
Dejuan et al. (2013) consider the impact of the prices of energy on technological coefficients, but in their analyses price evolvements are exogenous.
Table 4 Discriminant validity of the reflexive variables Constructs AVE AVE Square Root Correlation coefficient Technological capability Financial network Technological network Planning effort Technological capability 0.604 0.777 1 – – – Financial network 0.742 0.861 0.658 1 – – Technological network 0.623 0.789 0.774 0.527 1 – Planning effort 0.607 0.779 0.333 0.408 0.510 1.
Regarding the risk threatening estimated demands, all OF coefficients, technological multipliers, and right-hand side coefficients may take a vague quantity.
For instance, consider the following problem in which C ˜ ′ = c ˜ 1 ′, c ˜ 2 ′, … c ˜ n ′ Open image in new window, A ˜ ″ = a ˜ ij ″ m × n Open image in new window, and B ˜ ′ = b ˜ 1 ′, b ˜ ′, … b ˜ m ′ t Open image in new window are the fuzzy parameters representing the OF coefficients, technological multiplies, and right-hand side coefficients, respectively.
Despite technological advances, entering the correct value of emissivity coefficient of an object in the pyrometric measuring system is still an unsolved problem.
Sometimes the last two parameters (surface size and temperature difference) are strictly limited due to the process or technological requirements, and only increase of heat transfer coefficient is allowed.
