For others, it was the perfect evolution: the promise of an ever-more instantaneous ease of usage that is the epitome of contemporary technological aspiration.
In detailing Singaporean technological advancement and aspirations as an information economy, Gibson casts doubt on the resilience of their controlled and conservative nature in the face of impending mass exposure to digital culture – "the wilds of X-rated cyberspace".
In the 1960s it was replaced by a new vogue called structuralism, whose scientific aspirations better suited a technological age.
"All of these industries pioneered a new kind of urban form, a new kind of architecture that, in the context of the postwar period, reflected national aspirations towards modernity and technological progress and the future," says Avila.
He wants "sustainable" medicine that has "embraced finite and steady-state health goals and has limited aspirations for progress and technological innovation".
"This will provide a boost for the district council's aspiration to have a university technological college supporting an engineering and renewable hub in Newhaven".
By the turn of the century, skyscrapers had come to be seen not only as technological marvels but also as evidence of their proprietors' aspirations and self-image.
We suggest that it is through these practices that the state assures its aspirations for enhancing individual and collective prosperity through technological advance are met.
For Malaska, stages of qualitatively different modes of production, organising, economic systems, but also different worldviews and aspirations arise out of the needs created by the previous technological phase.
But a major theme of state economic aspiration is that times of turmoil — not to mention rapid technological change — also produce opportunity that might not have been as clear in fatter days.
