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This is especially the case in history/social studies, where research on curriculum is scant and research on teacher adaptation of curriculum is virtually non-existent.
"Even within structured programs, there is room for teacher adaptation — even relatively moderate changes — to enhance program effects," write the authors.
However, flexibility and teacher adaptation of lesson components has the potential to dilute what may already be a short-term intervention, which makes measuring the outcomes of the intervention more challenging.
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First, if there were consistent patterns of deviation from the intent of the mini-units, then we could use teachers' adaptations as a source of potential revisions.
Unpublished measure)., an adaptation of the validated teacher version of the same measure (LaFreniere & Dumas, Psychol. Asses. 8 (1996) 369).
Mean scores for the parent-reported and teacher-reported adaptation groups on each resource variable are displayed in Table 6.
Next, MANCOVAs were conducted to determine whether the resource variables were associated with parent-reported and teacher-reported adaptation group classification.
However, the increasing level of global activities, the interactive nature of the Internet, and the global desire to share educational resources will surely be positive forces in improving the quality of available resources, thus facilitating teacher access and adaptation of engineering content in the PreK-12 engineering relevant education in schools.
The results revealed that according to the teachers' views, the adaptation and preparation books were able to develop students' problem solving skills, the activities in the books caused problems due to not being suitable for the level, and the instructions in the books were not sufficient.
So, while evolution is virtually nonexistent in both the previous and today's curricula and textbooks (of both teachers and pupils), "adaptation" of plants and animals is mentioned but in a highly problematic way.
Costs related to program adaptations, teacher trainings and computers (in Kenya and Indonesia) were annualized over five years [ 4].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com