To recognize faces, observers must identify unique sets of facial features - a taxing constraint on information extraction, which might modulate facial scanpaths.
This experimental control represents a taxing constraint for the face system and might partially account for the present observations, as the vast majority of studies on the other-race effect have relied on the use of identical pictures to assess face recognition performance.
The third condition is the tax revenue requirement constraint, graphically identified by the half-plane situated above the line.
One would expect that greater voluntarism would lead to greater creation of value, particularly when CSR initiatives arise as the result of industry, tax, or regulatory constraints (Burke and Logsdon 1996, Husted and Allen 2009).
Both parties have informally agreed that the main constraint on tax cuts and spending -- their pledge not to use any of the Social Security surplus -- should be set aside for the duration of the military and economic crisis.
Moreover, due to the incentive-compatible constraint, the tax scheme may additionally favour this individual as she may now see it profitable to impersonate those who have a bad health disposition in order to pay a smaller tax.
"Tax cuts create resource constraints on politicians," he said.
Economic policy has generally focused on maximizing profits by reducing business costs through such devices as tax reductions and minimizing constraints on business.
And for the first time, an agreement appears close on a major component: the structure of the luxury tax and related payroll constraints.
For years, foreign auction houses – including Sotheby's and Christie's – have operated without this constraint in tax-free Hong Kong, holding two series of sales each year, in spring and autumn.
