Exact(16)
According to expectancy-value theory, expectancies and task values are precursors for investing effort into learning.
The items assessing task values were designed to assess components of task value defined by Eccles et al. (1983).
Across ten lessons with varying topics, students reported three times per lesson on their situational effort, expectancies, task values (intrinsic, attainment, utility), and cost.
In practice, private cloud users may strategically misreport task values in order to achieve a high profit, and thus cloud providers cannot simply maximize the sum of allocated users' value, which is called social welfare.
We found positive associations of effort with task values on each level, positive associations with expectancies on the learning situation and topic levels, and smaller negative associations with cost on the topic level.
Factor analysis has also demonstrated that task values could be divided into at least three factors (i.e., interest value, attainment value, and utility value; Eccles & Wigfield, 1995), and we included measures of these values in our study as well.
Similar(44)
Task value is central to the expectancy-value motivational theory [17, 19].
Reliability and factor analyses demonstrated that the instrument adequately measured different components of task value.
Multiple regression analyses demonstrated that components of task value predicted intentions to attend graduate school.
Research also highlights the possible connections between task value and goal orientations [23].
Task value is generally discussed in terms of utility value, intrinsic value, attainment value, and cost [55, 56]).
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