Based on the findings from our first experiment, we created a second study, one that placed participants in a decision-making task framed explicitly as competitive, to see if this would increase unethical behavior.
In description-based judgment tasks, framing a choice as 'accept' or 'reject' provokes well-described biases in choice behavior (Tversky and Kahneman, 1981).
In other words, one possibility is that three key economic suboptimalities catalogued in one-shot decision tasks—framing effects, endowment effects, and loss aversion are all 'rational' biases when a more ecologically valid task is employed, in which decisions do not all have independent consequences (Erev and Roth, 2014; Fawcett et al., 2014).
The Continental Congress gave Thomas Jefferson a difficult task: frame a vision of liberty and freedom that all could accept.
Cohen and his colleague Simon Winder, a senior research engineer at Microsoft, have developed algorithms that perform this task frame by frame, for a video feed in real time.
That task is framing an election-year message on the economy when the economy, under their leadership, is weak.
The New Yorker, February 9 , 1981P. 27 Now that the American hostages are home from Iran, the newly inaugurated Reagan Administration has been left with the confusing task of framing American policies toward Iran and toward any future episodes of kidnapping.
Now that the American hostages are home from Iran, the newly inaugurated Reagan Administration has been left with the confusing task of framing American policies toward Iran and toward any future episodes of kidnapping.
There was little here about a best friend, and this absence reinforces one possible reaction to the film: that the story of Sophie is perfunctory, and too evidently has the task of framing the portrait of Frances, and of steering the film away from romantic comedy.
