Quality appraisal identified four highly rated instruments: the National Eye Institute Visual Functional Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ), Activity Inventory (AI), Daily Living Tasks Dependant on Vision (DLTV and Veterans Affairs Low Visual Function Questionnairee (VA LV VFQ).
A similar pleiotropic effect of SNP4 on negative psychotic symptoms and tasks dependant on the integrity of prefrontal function (verbal fluency) was also noted in a recent association study [ 9] although these associations did not survive multiple comparison testing.
Five instruments were found to have been tested with stroke survivors: NEI-VFQ (Neuro 10), AI, DLTV, (Daily Living Tasks Dependant on Vision), VA LV VFQ (Veteran Affairs Low Visual Function Questionnaire) and SRA-FVP (Self-Reported Assessment of Functional Visual Performance).
The task-dependant results were confirmed for the digital and analogue speedometer.
The question arises if this deactivation failure results from abnormal functional interaction between task-dependant and task-independent networks or from a dysfunction of default mode network itself.
Recently [ 6], we investigated task-dependant changes in corticomotor excitability with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) when young adults actively moved their index or little finger over a surface.
The present findings provide further insights into the factors influencing task-dependant changes in corticomotor excitability in the context of aging.
Several studies make task-dependant observations using, for example, mismatch negativity [Kasai et al., 2002], motor tasks [Baker and Baker, 2003], median nerve stimulation [Haueisen et al., 2000], and eye-closure [Ahveninen et al., 2007].
Left IFG and pMTG coactivate with this multiple-demand system in that they also show a strong response when semantic control requirements are high, but unlike the other regions listed above, they show task-dependant activation (Duncan 2006, 2010; Hon et al. 2006; Nagel et al. 2008; Dumontheil et al. 2010).
