Bougdour, A. et al. Host cell subversion by Toxoplasma GRA16, an exported dense granule protein that targets the host cell nucleus and alters gene expression.
However, only a fraction of patients responds to immunotherapy modalities that target the host immune system.
Our approach of targeting the graft is complementary to current approaches that target the host's innate and adaptive immune systems.
Since bad outcomes may occur despite antibiotic therapy to treat severe community-acquired pneumonia, the focus has shifted to targeting the host response.
We have developed a synthetic-peptide consensus-sequence vaccine (Cs1) that targets the host receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the type IV pilus of P. aeruginosa.
Thus, a secreted L. pneumophila effector targets the host cell nucleus and modifies histones to repress gene expression and promote efficient intracellular replication.
"These agents could form a new and exciting 'anti-AIDS' therapy for HIV-infected subjects in which the treatment targets the host instead of the virus".
Distinct from the adamantanes and NAIs, DAS181 targets the host cells, not the virus.
This is achieved through various mechanisms such as enzymatic and/or pore formation activities targeting the host cell membranes [11].
