In sediments, c free of HOCs can be quantified by equilibrium sampling devices [54]: The polymer of the sampling device is brought in contact with the sediment until equilibrium of the target analytes between sediment and polymer is attained.
The average values obtained from both columns were reported for each target analyte unless the difference between two results exceeded 20%, in which case the lower value was reported.
Recoveries of the target analytes ranged between 94.2 and 113.1%, and repeatabilities, expressed as relative standard deviations, were between 0.61 and 6.83%.
Recovery studies from different types of surface water samples collected during the winter period, which were analysed and confirmed free of all target analytes, ranged between 92 and 115%, showing that the matrix had a negligible effect upon extraction.
After Cp immobilization and reaction between the target analyte and anti-ceruloplasmin antibodies in solution, the remaining non-conjugated antibody is attached on the Cp-CNTs modified electrode.
Unlike TBDDP, the high recovery for BDE209 and DBDBE could not be attributed to a different behaviour between the target analyte and its IS, but to the confirmed presence of natural contamination from the sediment sample.
The recognition and quantitation the target analyte is realized through the competition between the simazine glucose oxidase (GOD) conjugate and free simazine for the binding sites of the monoclonal antibody co-immobilized with peroxidase on the gold electrode.
The voltammetric behaviour of the resulting MIP-coated microsensor was assessed next, finding that electrochemical response was linear to the concentration of the target analyte (4EP) in a range comprised between 10−6 and 10−3 mol L−1, showing a sensitivity of 1.02 ± 0.02 (nA L μmol−1) (R2: 0.9983).
The nucleic acid hybridization between capture probe and target analyte was used in the experiment.
Thin layer cells are common in spectroelectrochemistry. Electronic spectroscopy addresses the transitions that occur between electronic states within a target analyte.
