DNA secondary structures absorb UV light differently when folded and unfolded and taking the difference between these spectra gives an indicative spectrum which can be used for characterisation.
Forward difference is simply taking the difference between consecutive points.
Current reference was obtained by taking the difference of load current and its fundamental harmonic.
Backbone amide 1DNH RDCs were measured by taking the difference in 1JNH scalar couplings in aligned and isotropic media40.
Taking the difference between that and the official investment figure would imply a current-account deficit of 10% of GDP.
In the pid_controller function, the error of the angle is calculated by taking the difference between the sensor_index value and the init_sensor_index value.
By then taking the difference in times at which those peaks occur, we calculate the period between peaks or the rate.
The position of the robot relative to the line is able to be estimated by taking the difference between the two center sensor readings.
"People are refinancing their homes and taking the difference in what they paid and what they get to finance the consumer spending".
Banks have been lobbying relentlessly, but in the meantime they have found a more effective method: taking the difference out of consumers' bank accounts.
Taking the difference of the two atomic orbitals, however, results in destructive interference in the internuclear region where the amplitude of one orbital is subtracted from the other.
