Interestingly they concluded that the KICE who administer the CSAT tests were probably correct in adopting the 5-option format in the high stakes CSAT test but that they should not overlook the test-takers' perspective that 3-option tests were easier and less stressful, and that items with 3-options took less time to answer.
From a test-taker's perspective, informed disengagement can be regarded as an efficient test-taking strategy as long as the test-taker's perceptions of his or her ability and item difficulty are correct.
Participants who adopted a Black or Latino target's perspective in an initial context were subsequently more likely to explicitly acknowledge the persistence of intergroup discrimination than were non-perspective takers (Experiments 1 3) or participants who adopted a White target's perspective (Experiment 1).
"From Glue to Gasoline: How Competition Turns Perspective Takers Unethical," by Jason R. Pierce, Gavin J. Kilduff, Adam D. Galinsky, and Niro Sivanathan.
In one study, we found that advice requests turned negotiators into better perspective takers.
Some recruiters were randomly assigned to be "empathizers" (making a special attempt to imagine what the candidates were feeling), and others were told to be "perspective takers" (trying to imagine what the candidates were thinking and what their interests were).
We definitely found that some people were better perspective takers than others, but as is true in most research, the story is not as simple as being able to say that power helps or hurts.
Does power breed selfishness, making people worse perspective-takers, or does it help people become more empathic?
More selfish people were worse perspective-takers when they felt more powerful in their relationships, compared to when they felt less powerful.
In contrast, people who were less selfish tended to be good perspective-takers regardless of whether or not they felt powerful.
I was curious to find out whether feeling powerful in a romantic relationship might lead people to be better, or worse, perspective-takers.
