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In studying cell-specific mechanism, we found that the upregulation of GABAergic neurons in barrel cortex is associated with whisker tactile sensitization, and afterhyperpolarization raises encoding capacity at GABA-targeting cells (e.g., principal neurons) in barrel cortex.
Here, we report a new model of cross-modal plasticity from olfactory loss to whisker tactile sensitization, strengthening a hypothesis that cross-modal sensor plasticity is present in all types of sensations.
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Therefore, we performed tactile sensitivity tests.
For tactile sensitivity tests, we constructed an original tester.
Hyperalgesia and tactile allodynia are the main behavioral dysfunctions related to central sensitization associated with chronic pain [ 29, 30].
Therefore, these cytokines in the injured DRG might be involved in sensitization of primary sensory neurons that link to nerve injury-induced tactile allodynia.
In fact, a previous study showed that systemic administration of ETAR antagonist attenuated tactile allodynia in diabetic neuropathic pain, suggesting that the interaction between endogenous ET-1 and ETAR contributes to pain sensitization [ 16].
Interestingly, in the MIA-treated animals, secondary mechanical hyperalgesia developed from day 3 on and lasted for at least 14 days compared to secondary tactile allodynia, which was more pronounced during the early phase of arthritis development, reflecting an ongoing development of pain sensitization based on different molecular mechanisms during the 14 days after MIA treatment.
"It's tactile.
Tactile clues were essential.
What sounds are tactile?
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