Exact(5)
The observed G and T richness of the gene coding strand is evidence of codon usage bias.
Nucleotide composition showed overall A + T richness that is typical in insect mt genomes [ 14] with total A + T composition = 67.4%%.
The two new mtDNA genomes, for Nectonemertes cf. mirabilis and Zygeupolia rubens, share substantial similarity with those of other nemertean mitochondrial genomes, and gene content and A + T richness is similar to those common for animal mtDNAs.
There are also other common features, including small size, A + T richness, high copy number, potential stable secondary structure, a lack of transposase, and size and sequence homogeneity (Feschotte et al. 2002; Han et al. 2010).
Analysis of individual sequences revealed a mixture of RIPped and non-RIPped copies, with 56%% of the C. albifundus Fot5 homologs, 35%% of the C. fimbriata Fot5 homologs and 32%% of the C. manginecans Fot5 homologs having TpA/ApT ratios of >1 and A + T richness > 55%% [ 56].
Similar(55)
Possible mechanisms as to how these trends are maintained in mtDNA genomes of such diverse ancestry, size and variability of A-T richness are discussed.
Nucleotide composition of A. vastus was found to be similar to that of the reported hexactinellids in terms of A-T richness and nucleotide skew, as was its codon usage.
Mononucleotide and hexanucleotide repeats were composed of A or T at a higher level, which reflects a biased base composition with an overall A-T richness in the cp genomes [ 28, 37].
With the exception of a hepta-nucleotide sequence TGCGGTA found in the first intron in Holosticha, Uroleptus and Paraurostyla, there is no significant sequence resemblance among "homologous" introns, despite the A-T richness of the intron sequences (65 88%).
Moreover, the majority of the genes are G-rich while property of A- or T-richness fluctuates from species to species (see Tables 1 2 for percent distribution of G-rich and A-rich genes in different groups of species).
Broken down by repeat number 2-rep EhSINE1s had the greatest T-richness and 1-rep and no-rep the lowest; 5' flanks were always more T-rich than 3' but none of these differences reached statistical significance.
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