In both systems, the tissues were exposed to 0.2 5 Gy, doses of IR that might be realistically encountered in various scenarios such as cancer radiotherapies or accidental exposure to radiation.
In an Ussing chamber-type explant culture system, the tissue from mouse distal colon or human biopsies from sigmoid colon were mounted with the lumen upwards in a horizontal chamber with a 1.5 millimeter opening.
In the CCM system, the tissue surface is the only reference point.
Using a PDD camera system, the tissue fluorescence was documented with a video system.
Surprisingly little is known regarding the function of ATP6AP2 in the nervous system, the tissue type most prominently affected in humans with ATP6AP2 mutations.
In this system, the tissue derived stem cells were embedded in Matrigel and cultured in the media that contained a cocktail of the growth factors, including ones that stimulate the WNT signaling pathways.
While LMD systems have many capabilities, they are very expensive and complex to operate, and many systems require the tissue sections to be mounted on special slides.
Pure quantification systems of the tissue elasticity might be helpful in the future to determine clearly measurable thresholds.
Further SPUs can also be tailored to render biodegradable systems for the tissue engineering of vascular grafts and heart valves [ 49, 50].
Leaving aside the vascular system, the tissues of the body can be divided into two main groups: skeletal muscle (35%) [ 15] and the rest of the body (e.g., brain, heart, liver, kidney, bones, fat).
