system under which

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase 'system under which' is correct and usable in written English.
It is used to describe the regulations and principles that dictate how something works or operates. For example: "The new zoning plan is a system under which all construction projects must be approved by the local government."

✓ Grammatically correct

News & Media

Academia

Science

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

60 human-written examples

The judicially supervised system under which we operate has worked.

Cornell University

The system under which he was charged applies to England and Wales only.

The Guardian

The United States employs a radically decentralized system under which the states do as they choose.

The New York Times

The government wants a stratified system under which universities charge different amounts.

The Guardian

They object to a court system under which Serbs could be tried by Albanian judges.

The Guardian

The system under which illegal immigrants labor, without hope of assimilation, is not any less broken.

The New York Times

"Henceforth the snobbish system under which I would operate would be artistic, intellectual, cultural," he writes.

The New York Times - Books

He devised a system under which five-year notes, known as M.E.F.O.

Yale University

We could blame the socialist system under which they were raised.

University of California, Berkeley

Much attention will focus on the system under which surveillance warrants are authorised.

Independent

He prefers the German system, under which lawyers are paid a fixed litigation fee.

The Economist

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When using "system under which", ensure that the relationship between the system and its governing rules is clear to enhance readability and avoid ambiguity.

Common error

Avoid using "system under which" without clearly defining the system being referred to. Ensure the reader understands what the system encompasses to prevent confusion.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "system under which" functions as a prepositional phrase that modifies a noun, typically to specify the conditions or rules governing a particular system. Ludwig AI confirms its grammatical correctness.

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

News & Media

54%

Academia

21%

Science

25%

Less common in

Encyclopedias

0%

Wiki

0%

Formal & Business

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, "system under which" is a grammatically sound and frequently used phrase that serves to define the operational context of a system by specifying the rules and regulations governing it. According to Ludwig AI, the phrase is correct and usable in written English. It is commonly found in news, academic and scientific sources, indicating a neutral to professional register. When using this phrase, ensure that the system being described is clearly defined to avoid ambiguity. Alternatives like "framework within which" or "structure whereby" may be used to emphasize different aspects of the system's operation. The phrase "system under which" provides a clear and formal way to describe the governing principles of a system, making it a valuable tool in both academic and professional writing.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

framework within which

Focuses on the structural or organizational aspect rather than the explicit rules.

structure whereby

Emphasizes the method or process that the system facilitates.

mechanism by which

Highlights the operational aspect and how the system achieves its results.

arrangement where

Suggests a more informal or agreed-upon set of conditions.

protocol according to which

Implies a more formal and standardized procedure.

regime in which

Suggests a more controlling or authoritative structure.

environment wherein

Focuses on the surrounding conditions or circumstances of the system.

method through which

Emphasizes the means or channel by which something is accomplished.

process whereby

Highlights the sequential steps or actions within the system.

procedure under which

Emphasizes the specific steps and guidelines of the system.

FAQs

How can I use "system under which" in a sentence?

The phrase "system under which" introduces the rules or conditions that govern a particular process or structure. For example, "The new tax system under which deductions are calculated differs significantly from the previous one."

What are some alternatives to "system under which"?

You can use alternatives like "framework within which", "structure whereby", or "mechanism by which" depending on the context.

Is it correct to say "the system in which" instead of "system under which"?

While "the system in which" can sometimes work, "system under which" is often more precise when referring to rules or regulations. For example, "the system under which laws are made" emphasizes the legal framework more directly.

What's the difference between "system under which" and "process by which"?

"System under which" typically refers to an established set of rules or procedures, while "process by which" refers to a sequence of actions. The "process by which" something is done is more about the steps involved, not necessarily the governing rules.