As the microcirculation system remodels the blood vessels by changing their length, diameter, wall thickness, tortuosity, and number, permanent structural changes occur in these vessels over long periods.
Fibroblasts loaded by biomechanical forces within the three-dimensional FPCL system remodel their matrix resulting in potent differentiation into myofibroblasts similar to that observed in wound tissue and pathological scarring [ 28].
It is also possible that some hypertrophic signals, which lead to the expansion of cytoskeletal proteins [36] in heart failure, also drive t-system remodelling.
At metamorphosis, amphibians undergo major restructuring of internal and external organ systems, remodelling somatic tissues to adopt a terrestrial lifestyle.
Improvements to the arena included better sound and lighting systems, remodeled club house and press rooms, and the addition of a medical center.
Additionally, all genes related to 'larval central nervous system remodeling' are found in a single cluster, and five of the six genes related to 'bristle morphegenesis' are also co-clustered.
This yields additional cytokines and results in a vicious cycle that drives immune system remodeling to a chronic proinflammatory state, ultimately leading to aging and common age-related disorders (Finch and Crimmins, 2004; Finch et al., 2010).
Given that functional POMC is mechanistically required for 5-HT pharmacotherapy appetite suppression, recent reports revealing perturbed POMC function and melanocortin system remodeling in middle-age presented the possibility that 5-HT compound anorectic efficacy may be diminished with age.
Although the biological factors driving increased fat accumulation with age are not well understood, recent reports reveal age-related melanocortin system remodeling and link these functional changes with age-associated obesity (13, 16).
Because rats with MCLT sham surgery and MCLT + MMT surgery both experience chronic musculoskeletal injuries, behavioral changes observed in both models may be more indicative of nervous system remodeling, both in the periphery and centrally, rather than structural changes to the cartilage and bone within the joint.
