However, over the past ten years, DNA-based systems for traceability of bovine meat and other products have become available and applied commercially (see, for example, http://www.identigen.com/; http://www.pfizeranimalgenetics.com/; http://www.geneseek.com/).com/
Even as holistic systems concerned with the provision of these services are a hot topic, there is a gap on the provision of such systems for traceability under the premises of reusability and low deployment costs.
Aiming to solve the quality tracing problem in supply chain, a methodology of designing information systems for traceability is proposed in this paper.
The paper argues that if a company operates at a higher level of contextual factors, then design and execution of traceability system needs to be at a higher level as well so as to achieve a higher level of traceability system performance.
Such designs can facilitate wide adoption of traceability systems.
Also, this technique may help implementation of traceability systems in the seafood industry.
This paper aims at evaluating the expected value of the implementation of traceability systems for perishable products like fruits and vegetables, and its profit.
The paper begins with discussions on the rationale of traceability systems in food manufacturing companies, followed by a detailed analysis of the most important indicators in the designing and executing traceability systems.
For the small-scale and scattered fresh cucumber production in China, the result that production record-keeping and its transfer are inefficient have prevented the wide application of traceability systems in China.
This has led producers and retailers to consider the opportunity to improve the firm's reputation and consumer confidence through the implementation of traceability systems designed not only to satisfy the legal requirements, but also to track the quality of the products through the supply chain for optimization purposes.
Sample mishandling has already been identified as a main issue during the genotyping process [47], [48], and could be reduced by the use of traceability systems such as Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMs), quality insurance standards, and reduced human manipulation, according to the automation possibilities.
