The visa waiver program operates on a system of reciprocity and according to Trita Parsi, the President of the National Iranian American Council, a non-profit organization in Washington D.C., "it will very likely trigger reciprocal restrictions from Europe and participating countries".
Despite the sense that tumor donation was "a lot of fuss about nothing," donors expressed considerable satisfaction at the thought that their donation might benefit others and contribute to a generalized system of reciprocity.
In some cases, the right to minimum subsistence develops into a broader "moral economy," with family and village-level networks, institutions, and systems of reciprocity acting as shock absorbers during crises (Scott 1976).
Anaximander's system of just reciprocity ordered by time is replaced by a system governed by war: "It is right to know that war is common and justice strife, and that all things come to be through strife and are so ordained" (B80).
While moving toward increased levels of integration in the system, the reciprocity of differentiation and integration was used as a principle of school development.
Speaking on the eve of a meeting between American and European justice and interior ministers here, the American treasury official, Stuart A. Levey, the under secretary for terrorism and financial intelligence, said Washington was committed to working with any new European system "under the basis of reciprocity".
An increasing complexity of a system without a corresponding expansion of reciprocity of horizontal and vertical hierarchy, up to a proportionate and system-specific boundary, will likely encounter turmoil and dysfunction.
Chinese business experts define 'face' as a complex, understated system of politeness, respect and reciprocity, which revolves around avoiding embarrassment at all cost.
A common culture allows the articulation of actors with social systems (roles) as the basis of reciprocity of action orientation (including conflict) as well as integration of different systems of action [6].
Drawing on an entitlements framework, we argue that the new coping mechanisms are not available to all, could be making some households more vulnerable to climate change, and reduce the adaptive capacity of the overall system as reciprocity networks and customary institutions are weakened.
This model, which KCDF has replicated across the country seeks to challenge a dependency mindset which still runs deep, by tapping into the intrinsic nature of "horizontal philanthropy" that is deeply embedded systems of giving and reciprocity that form the backbone of local communities.
