Bootstrapped serial mediation analyses indicated that the association of mild TBI and suicide risk is serially mediated by anger and depression symptoms (bias-corrected 95% confidence interval [CI] for the indirect effect = 0.044, 0.576).
Individuals receiving the positive imagery CBM demonstrated significant improvements from pretreatment to post-treatment in depressive symptoms, cognitive bias and intrusive symptoms, compared with the active control condition.
Individuals receiving the positive imagery CBM-I demonstrated significant improvements from pre to post-treatment in depressive symptoms, cognitive bias, and intrusive symptoms, compared to the control condition.
Individuals in the positive condition demonstrated significant improvements from pre-treatment to post-treatment in depressive symptoms, cognitive bias and intrusive symptoms compared with the control condition.
Recruiting mainly healthcare workers may have increased symptom ascertainment bias but facilitated high protocol compliance.
In the current study BDI was employed as a control variable as several authors have argued that depressive symptoms might bias self-rated psychotic symptoms [ 37].
Overall, the group showed large effect sizes for improvements in depressive symptoms, cognitive bias and general mental health.
This large variation in prevalence estimates may be due to a number of factors, which include different definitions of chronic symptoms, recall bias and proxy reporting.
If short-term users (or low cumulative users) are used as the referent exposure group, the more pronounced risk reduction in this group caused by prodromal symptoms would bias relative risks for long-term users (or high cumulative users) upward.
