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Finally, the proposed architectures support flexible patterns i.e. patterns with a "don't care" symbol, patterns with a complement symbol and patterns with a class symbol.
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In LTE, this is not of concern due to the defined pilot symbol pattern.
Figure 1 Pilot symbol pattern utilized in LTE over time and frequency for four antennas.
Intelligent icons indicate the probability of the occurrence of a symbol pattern.
Due to the orthogonal pilot symbol pattern utilized in LTE, the MIMO channel can be estimated as NtNrindividual SISO channels.
Such pilot symbol pattern allows to estimate a MIMO channel as multiple, individual single input single output (SISO) channels as long as the spatial correlation is neglected.
In case of a two-dimensional linear interpolation with LTE pilot symbol pattern using an LS channel estimator, we find c e =0.6623 evaluating Equation (30).
The number of resource blocks in an LTE slot ranges from 6 up to 100, corresponding to a bandwidth from 1.4 up to 20 MHz. Figure 1 displays the pilot symbol pattern in LTE.
Such saturation is expressed by the value of d. Figure 3 shows the value of the channel saturation coefficient d over user velocity for 1×1 and 4×4 systems for LTE pilot symbol pattern.
In case of a 2×2 system using the pilot symbol pattern defined in LTE, the channel saturation coefficient d is the same as in a 1×1 case, since the amount of the pilot symbols is the same and an LMMSE estimator performs identically.
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