For this, the average purities over one switching period of target components in extract and raffinate ports are selected as output variables, while the flow rates in Sections 2 and 3 of the SMB unit are chosen as the input variables.
The proposed architecture relies on a piecewise linear modelling of the switching function behaviour within the hysteresis band, and consists of a continuous-time integral-type controller that modifies the amplitude of the hysteresis band of the comparator in accordance with the error between the desired and the actually measured switching period.
For all of these, the average purities over one switching period of the target components in extract and raffinate streams, the reciprocal productivity and the solvent consumption are selected as output variables, while the flow rates in 1 Introduction, 2 Preliminaries, 3 Identification of the SMB process, 4 Design of the predictive controller are chosen as the manipulated variables.
This model averages the value of the output voltage over half switching period and suitable for half period control.
It can be found from Fig. 8b that the inductor current is asymmetrical about half switching period.
The previous models suitable for half switching period control will not be suitable anymore and a more accurate model should be established.
From this, channel sensing and switching period and channel selection algorithm of the Urban-X can be dynamically changed according to user traffic or external PN interference.
The mean kdecay-sequence duration represent the average switching period among different discharge pattern configurations.
Then, for any switching period, the origin of time-switched system (2.13) is globally exponentially stable.
Then, the origin of the time-switched system (2.13) is globally exponentially stable for any switching period.
Then, by the switching period T with switching rate, the origin of time-switched system (2.13) with both stable and unstable subsystems is globally exponentially stable.
