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We find little evidence, either from considering successive cross-sectional waves of comparable surveys, or in terms of the strategy switch choices of specific plants, that there has been a systematic move towards the joint use of internal and external knowledge in innovation.
It spawned a controversy in the 1990s that became known as "the Monty Hall problem": Why is it better for a contestant to switch choices after the contents of a door that was not picked are revealed?
Zeelenberg and Pieters (2007) provide the most extensive discussion of this issue, arguing that the primary and distinctive function of experienced regret is to enable people to switch choices when faced with the same decision again.
In this situation, a model-based learner would tend to switch choices on the next turn, because this would be more likely to return the learner to that second state (Fig. 1C).
This contrasted with the performance of this group of children in the previous experiments, in which they were likely to fail to switch choices in the regret condition and even when they did switch often justified their choice in terms of nonadaptive reasons.
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Likewise, as illustrated in the leftmost points in the top panels of Figs 8 and 9, the strength of drop-number or flavour selectivity at the end of the previous block failed to predict whether rats would switch choice rate quickly in the new block (for drop-number switches), or whether the first two free-choice trials would contain a small choice (for flavour switches).
Animals switched from one target to another often, on average about once every third trial (probability to switch choice, P = 0.31).
The payoff structure on the 2nd day means that to maximize their outcome, children should switch choice in the regret condition only.
Many tech markets (e.g., Search – Google, Social Media – Facebook, Online shopping – Amazon) are dominated by one company, and while consumers can choose to stop using the products, quality switching choices are very limited.
Similarly, only one 5-year-old switched choices adaptively, whereas nearly all 9-year-olds did.
(A – C ) Probability of switching choices as a function of the LLR for a change in the correct answer.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com