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We designed a microfluidic capillary assay to generate and accurately measure gradients of chemoattractant (α-methylaspartate) while simultaneously capturing the swimming trajectories of individual Escherichia coli bacteria using videomicroscopy and cell tracking.
Based on this, control parameters have been determined by understating their characteristics through the procedure of comparing produced swimming trajectories according to varying their values to observed motions of the diving beetle.
Our recent study, however, demonstrates that V. alginolyticus incorporate an additional movement, which we call a flick, that randomizes cells' swimming trajectories.
Swimming trajectories were monitored with a video tracking system (HVS Water Maze Package) that calculated swim speed, trajectory length and average distance from the platform.
Although acquiring video-tracking data with the highest possible sampling rate (30 fps) represented a major 3-fold increase from previous studies of zebrafish affective behavior, the ability to reconstruct swimming trajectories for each zebrafish (Fig. 4 6) was a direct result of choosing a high sampling rate.
Sparse rolling produced abrupt changes in swimming trajectories that occurred spontaneously, unaffected by blockade or engagement of cAMP- or Ca2+-mediated flagellar responses.
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Swimming trajectory (red line) of the microswimmer in a plane 25 (upmu hbox {m}) above the substrate (top view).
Figure 2D shows that together the similar flagellar waveforms observed during the LCh and RCh orientations produced a near-zero, time-averaged bending (asymmetry), consistent with the observed linear, averaged swimming trajectory.
This low-asymmetry of the combined LCh and RCh sequence pairs is consistent with the nearly linear mean swimming trajectory shown in Figure 1A.
For the probe test, the platform was removed and each mouse was allowed to swim for 60 s, while its swimming trajectory was monitored with a video tracking system (HVS Image, Buckingham).
Such calculation was carried out on the basis of the sperm head locus data for approximately 20 cycles, and the empirical equation (3) of the swimming trajectory was obtained.
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