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Sample pairs will be further coded: results from the swab but not the tissue sample indicates change in therapy, results from the tissue sample but not the swab indicates a change in therapy, swab and tissue sample in agreement on change in therapy.
Although these results are consistent with ours, testing chlamydia in serum is not fully comparable with its testing in a genital swab: chlamydia antibodies in serum also include a past infection, whereas chlamydia DNA in a vaginal swab indicates a current infection 22. Samoff et al.
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Weighing tubes containing the spiked faecal samples before and after swabbing indicated an average 40 mg (range: 30 60 mg) of faecal material was transferred by this technique.
The virus isolation rate of oropharyngeal swab was generally higher than that of cloacal swab, indicating oropharynx may be a major excretion route of NDV.
A throat swab indicated that it was unlikely to be strep throat, and the child was given acetaminophen to reduce his fever and relieve his discomfort.
For fecal samples, the increased probability of detecting viral RNA in feces compared with oropharyngeal or cloacal swabs indicates that collecting a fresh fecal sample when available would improve surveillance efficiency.
The median plasma DENV-IgG level among oral swab false negatives was significantly lower than the group with detectable DENV-IgG in oral swab samples, indicating a quantitative relationship between antibody levels in plasma and oral fluid and an overall reduction in sensitivity in oral swab samples compared with plasma.
Sampling by nasal swab indicated that pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus sheds for up to 20 days after clinical signs appear.
Nevertheless, in this context, the recovery values of control samples that had not been treated by any swab indicate that the main part of the observed loss of IL-1β, IL-17A, IP-10, IL-4, and MMP9 is independent of sample processing and therefore caused by the freezing and thawing process.
However, the detection of C. psittaci in vaginal and rectal swabs indicates that these infections indeed occurred in the flocks examined.
Nasal swabs indicated that an insignificant amount of 125I-EPO remains in the nasal cavity.
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