In particular, the establishment of weekly email updates and email notification system increased and sustained participants' activity for the duration of the design experiment (14 weeks).
This theory is supported by a small study showing that nine months of continued treatment with SMT sustained participants' improvement in low back pain and disability compared to those receiving only one month of SMT [[ 27]]; however, the effectiveness of long term management of back and neck disability in older adults has yet to be investigated in a full scale trial [[ 28]].
Most established platforms are confronted with some challenges which include meeting and sustaining participants' interest, effective participation and collaboration, conflict resolution and collective action.
For such long term sensing efforts (e.g., 1 year) where gamification cannot continuously sustain participants' motivation, it is speculated that monetary incentives would be more effective because man's want for money is insatiable [47, 89].
It provides relevant information from a large case series of injuries sustained by participants of fitness activities.
Injuries were sustained by participants in various recreational, road, public, home and workplace settings.
Other orthopaedic injuries sustained by participants included dislocations, lacerations, tendon tears, and partial or complete amputation of fingers or toes.
40 47 A key challenge for ER schemes is clearly to sustain a participant's initial enthusiasm, especially following a break in attendance.
A majority of the participants sustained their concussion during participation in football (n = 32), basketball (n = 14), and soccer (n = 12).
When a participant sustained an ankle injury during the follow-up period, the participant acknowledged this by e-mail.
