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Addition of stacks of cloned R genes [ 10- 17] to existing varieties (resistant or susceptible) through genetic modification (GM) technology is therefore an attractive alternative.
Similarly, susceptibility studies in mice show that CHPV is lethal to young mice, but adults are only susceptible through the intra-cerebral route of infection [ 3].
susceptible, latently infected, diseased and infectious, recovered and reverting back to susceptible through loss of immunity, and the rates at which animals move from one state to the next, along with effects on the pathogen population.
Higher temperatures approaching zero degrees may favour transmission and survival of the virus itself, but a decline in temperature and humidity may make the host more susceptible through body cooling and/or drying of the respiratory tract.
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Some studies indicate that FeLV infections are age-dependent [ 6] and primarily acquired by "friendly" cats through prolonged close contact between virus shedders and susceptible cats through mutual grooming, sharing of food and water dishes, and use of common litter areas [ 3].
In contrast, infectious disease control efforts largely focus on receptors, through achieving herd immunity by reducing the pool of susceptible individuals through quarantine or vaccination.
In cattle BPV can be transmitted from infected females to susceptible calves through skin contact during suckling or from bulls to females during breeding.
The above results suggest that the infection removal require periodic culling (or partial removal) of the susceptible population through impulsive vaccination so that both populations can become extinguished according to (5.8).
Indirect control is preventive and designed to reduce the probability and severity of future infestations within treated areas by manipulating stand, forest and/or landscape conditions by reducing the number of susceptible hosts through thinning, prescribed burning, and/or altering age classes and species composition.
Our findings demonstrate that the HLR is induced in the susceptible tobacco through N/N'-gene independent pathways.
The principal mechanism underlying this adaptive antiviral strategy is to sufficiently reduce the number of susceptible individuals through an initial growth of wild-type infection, which will in turn prevent outbreaks of drug-resistant infections.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com