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The methodology includes housing surveys, case studies, and interviews with residents.
Methods used in these investigations include experiments, surveys, case studies, and historical research.
However, the empirical findings from surveys, case studies, and experiments on the beneficial effects of their utilization are still lacking.
Usually, the main adopted types of strategies are: surveys, case studies and controlled experiments (Easterbrook et al. 2008).
Information was collected from farm households and agricultural commodity traders through questionnaire surveys, case studies, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews following a two-stage sampling method.
The 78 studies reviewed involve a mix of quantitative and qualitative approaches, drawing on large-scale data sets, surveys, case studies and in some cases historical analysis2.
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The design and conduct of cross-sectional health surveys, case-control, prospective, and case-crossover observational studies, and randomized controlled trials, are discussed in this review article.
Despite the lack of incidence data from national surveys, case-control community-based studies have provided estimates of 40,000 to 60,000/100,000 for children <5 years of age (6, 12 ).
Apart from the prominent Birth-to-Twenty cohort study in South Africa which has successfully followed approximately 3,000 children from their birth in 1990 (8), research in SSA is dominated by cross-sectional surveys, case-control studies, and clinical trials (3), and has largely focused on communicable diseases.
Although a biological mechanism to explain such an association remains elusive, the strong evidence observed across all age groups, among different occupational groups, and from studies of all types (cross-sectional surveys, case-control studies and prospective studies) suggests a possible causal relationship between obesity and asthma.
Decide on the research design or approach (e.g., survey, case).
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