For the purposes of this survey, we defined 'faculty' as those with appointments classified as Faculty, Emeritus, PostDocs, and Other Academic Appointee.
In our survey, we defined managers as non-clinical workers with positions in administrative offices.
For episodes that had resolved before the time of the survey, we defined a discrete variable for the duration of the diarrheal episode in days using the difference between the reported dates of episode recovery and episode onset; for episodes still in progress at the time of the survey, we defined duration as the difference between the date of the survey and the reported date of diarrhea onset.
In the survey, we defined a CHW as any health worker who carries out functions related to healthcare delivery, is trained in some way to deliver an intervention, and has no formal professional or tertiary education degree.
For the purposes of the survey, we defined a caretaker as a member of the household who resided in the survey area for at least three of the past 12 months, was at least 18 years of age or older, and was the person identified as being responsible for the health of the members of the household.
In the TREC survey we defined instrumental research use as 'use of best practices' for the healthcare aides, and measured it with a single item scored on a 5-point frequency scale from 1 (never use) to 5 (use almost always).
Based on these field surveys we defined dense forest as areas with >800 trees ha−1 (>2 m height) (Table 1) and we developed field criteria for verifying classification of the three different patterns of forest cover change.
In both surveys, we defined ACE as at least two unprovoked convulsions (tonic and/or clonic seizures) of which one occurred in the 12 months preceding the survey (Edwards et al., 2008; Ngugi et al., 2013).
To estimate infection rates from paired serologic surveys, we defined overall seroconversion as a 4-fold or greater rise in titer on hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) testing between baseline titers and subsequent samples for the same individual.
We targeted heads of households (almost all men) in our survey, and we defined migrants as individuals who spent any period of time away from home during the past 12 months at the time of the survey.
