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AFP performance surveillance indicators for Madura prior to the recognition of the cVDPV outbreak were low, consistent with poor case identification and the potential for widespread virus circulation.
Our goals were 1) to determine the validity of this non-traditional data source in describing the influenza season, utilizing the CDC data on number of influenza isolates and percentage of sentinel provider ILI visits as the gold standard, and 2) to consider what, if any, advantage could be gained by adding such a data source to existing national ILI surveillance indicators.
It is likely that the average case-to-infection ratio of the cVDPV was lower than 1∶200, and that case ascertainment was lower than 50% in the early stages of the outbreak (given the results of the retrospective case search and surveillance indicators for 1999).
Therefore, further studies are needed to determine surveillance indicators for cryptogenic HCC.
Risk assessment by this method required a robust arboviral surveillance program, with regular sampling for multiple surveillance indicators.
Our observations provided information related to the potential modes of dispersal and amplification as well as the effectiveness of different surveillance indicators to track WNV.
Similar(46)
MUAC may have potential as a clinical and surveillance indicator of obesity in children and adolescents.
Similarly, the replacement of levofloxacin as a surveillance indicator by another fluoroquinolone has also been suggested.
The DYCAST risk estimate was useful in years with amplified enzootic transmission, when dead birds were considered the primary WNV surveillance indicator (4, 37 – 37 ).
Although active surveillance is resource intensive, it has helped to define HPeV3 infection in NSW and link it with a syndromic surveillance indicator in the emergency department syndromic surveillance system.
The case study of 2006 rotavirus vaccine implementation and subsequent shift in timing and impact of AGE trends suggest that syndromic ED data can potentially provide a useful surveillance indicator of population-level vaccine effect.
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