The colloids, which we are concerned with in this review, are particles of metallic elements with respect to their surrounding phase.
We model 2D and 3D textiles either as a one phase solid (dry textiles), or as a two-phase material consisting of the set of yarns and a softer surrounding phase representing the resin.
To investigate size effects on γRN transformation independent of other factors that can influence austenite stability (composition, crystallographic orientation, defect density, surrounding phase, etc)., a model (TRIP-maraging steel) microstructure is designed with support from diffusion simulations (using DICTRA software) to have the same, homogeneous chemical composition in all γRN grains.
One way for carbon to leave the austenite is for it to precipitate out of solution as cementite, leaving behind a surrounding phase of BCC iron that is low enough in carbon to take the form of ferrite, resulting in a ferrite matrix with cementite inclusions.
CLSM images clearly show the interactions between the proteins adsorbed at the lipid/water interface and the proteins in the surrounding phase.
However, enabling interfacially confined polymerization on hydrogel cores in the submillimeter range requires a highly reactive surrounding phase that prevents the rapid diffusion of the initiating species into the bulk media, which ultimately leads to unconfined bulk polymerization.
Previous work on the enzyme-mediated redox reaction mechanism has established that using higher concentrations of Fe2+ promotes localized polymerization by confining the redox reaction between H2O2 and Fe2+ to the interface as a result of enabling a highly reactive surrounding phase.
Therefore, GOx is effectively confined within the core on account of the smaller mesh size (<20 Å) of the polyacrylamide network, but glucose in the <span class="lh">surrounding phase can diffuse into the core to initiate the reaction that generates hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
The improved tensile elongation and strain hardening behavior was explained by the homogeneous distribution of dendrites large enough to form deformation bands or twins, the role of β phases surrounding α phases to prevent the formation of twins, and deformation mechanisms such as strain-induced β to α transformation.
