Sentence examples for surrogates exist from inspiring English sources

Studies of specific health effects with environmental phthalate exposures using urinary metabolite concentrations as exposure surrogates exist (Duty et al. 2003a, 2003b, 2004, 2005; Hoppin et al. 2004; Jonsson et al. 2005; Swan et al. 2005).

Thus, the challenge in these cases is whether, given the current lack of ability to verify pharmacokinetics in vivo, either in vitro data or better calibrated (but potentially less toxicologically relevant) dose surrogates exist that could provide sufficiently reliable information for application to risk assessment.

The animal models of poxvirus infection have been used to evaluate immunity, but no generally established laboratory surrogate exists for immunity to smallpox virus itself.

Several possibilities for the discrepancy between the lack of positive effects on CVD and the beneficial effects on surrogate markers exist, including chance due to low power and short duration of many studies; alternatively, surrogates such as CRP or measures of atherosclerosis may not be informative for TZDs, as was the case with the HDL-raising medication torcetrapib (35, 36).

Don't make the mistake of equating these virtual experiences solely with sci-fi and gaming applications in which you have a surrogate and exist in a different, alternative reality system.

First, no validated surrogate endpoints exist for use in critical illness.

5 Clinicopathologic surrogate definitions exist for luminal A-like, luminal B-like (HER2−), luminal B-like (HER2+), HER2 and triple negative (TN) subtypes.

Notable limitations of all these surrogate biomarkers exist; they do not directly measure epithelial function, and they require laboratory analysis and therefore cannot be performed by a clinician at the bedside.

The new UM surrogates improve upon emulation of the chemical and physical properties of POSF-4658 compared with surrogates that currently exist in the literature.

When the correlation of the performance variable of surrogate variable exists, this article proposes a two-stage charting design to monitor either the performance variable or its surrogate variable in an alternating fashion rather than monitoring the performance variable alone.

A vast array of human surrogate models exists for ongoing symptoms, for positive sensory symptoms, and for sensory loss.