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Quantifying consumer surplus requires knowing the demand for a product.
The current task of managing a burgeoning, though temporary, surplus requires no less care.
Achieving a credible return to a sustainable surplus requires the government to commit to vastly improved policy design, process, implementation and evaluation".
Similar(57)
Lastly, formal creditors would prefer to lend for the purpose of production over that of consumption, since the former is associated with the possibility of generating positive surplus required to meet debt obligations.
But the high taxes and fiscal surpluses required to service the debt weigh on the economy.
This would explain the ambitious and unrealistic primary surpluses required by the fiscal compact (see Eichengreen and Panizza).
Its big saving surpluses required big deficits somewhere else; the deeper Germany's customers fell into debt, the less their IOUs were worth.
Also, the advanced form, modeled on the Soviet kolkhoz, brought with it the outside political controls that were necessary to extract the agricultural surpluses required to pay for China's capital equipment in its industrialization and to feed those moving into the cities to work in the growing industries.
What is needed now is their verbal assent to two main strands of macroeconomic policy: the large fiscal surpluses required to stabilise the public debt, and the inflation-targeting system that gives monetary stability under a floating exchange rate.Some Brazilians might see this as the IMF constraining their democratic choice.
In the ROT scenario, the introduction of alfalfa cultivation reduces N surplus on maize, whereas intensive double cropping systems (two crops harvested in 12 months) increase N surplus and require higher energy consumptions and production costs compared to cultivating a summer crop only.
But exploiting the surplus would require much more trade in food from damp spots to the parched ones.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com