Sentence examples for surplus relation from inspiring English sources

Future accounting book value of equity at t + τ, based on the clean surplus relation with future dividends, estimated using a constant (historic) pay-out ratio.

With respect to the measurement of the cost of equity capital, we adhere to suggestions made by Gebhardt et al. (2001), as well as Hail (2002), to compute the ex-ante cost rate via the 'residual income model', in which firm value is represented as a function of forecasted accounting data subject only to the 'clean surplus relation'.

During the last part of the intervention period, 18% of the food budget (100% in total) ends up as food waste, producing a 20% surplus in relation to the food budget.

CURRENT-ACCOUNT BALANCES  Singapore will once again have the world's largest current-account surplus this year, in relation to the size of its economy.

China might prefer stability, but it seems content to let the United States bear the expense of trying to subdue the Taliban; these days, Beijing has even less reason to coöperate, given the Trump Administration's hostile attitudes toward China's trade surpluses and its relations with North Korea.

That surplus jeopardises the friendly international relations that the report identifies as another of China's six priorities.

But its current-account surplus had become a political thorn in relations with America.

China's current-account surplus — the broadest measure of its trade relations, which tracks how much more China exports in goods and services than it imports — has plummeted.

But at $20 billion, the surplus remains a huge bone of contention in relations with the United States, which has long argued that the renminbi's value has been kept low, giving Chinese companies a competitive advantage over American manufacturers.

The participation of private consumption in GDP is only 46.8%%, a reflection of the high relation between the fiscal and current account surplus, on the one hand, and the gross domestic product, on the other hand.

They end with a forecast £23bn surplus in 2019-20, and the smallest public service spending in relation to national income since the 1930s.