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Discover LudwigThe phrase "surplus labour" is correct and can be used in written English.
It is typically used in economics and refers to the labor force that is not currently being utilized in the production of goods and services. Example: In times of economic downturn, there is often a surplus labour force as companies cut back on hiring and consumers decrease their spending.
Exact(57)
He is right about China running out of "surplus" labour.
The problem of surplus labour, however, remains to be solved.
The end of surplus labour is not an event, but a process.
The remainder is "surplus labour," and the value it produces is "surplus value".
Industry and services are indeed growing even faster than farming and absorbing its surplus labour.
Many worry that it has now exhausted its surplus labour and will slow sharply.
Until recently, most estimates of surplus labour varied between 150m and 200m people.
Huge amounts of surplus labour and spare capacity threaten to entrench deflation.
Similar(3)
A surplus of labour keeps wages down, yet consumption grows because prices fall.
There was a vast and increasing surplus of labour in the Russian villages.
This was especially true of central Russia, where the surplus of labour kept wages down to the minimum.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com