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For more details regarding the various immobilization protocols, different immobilization surfaces, surface stress enhancement techniques, etc., readers may refer the literature [48, 49, 50].
To obtain hydrophobic alumina surfaces, surface modification was performed by HMDS vapor treatment with different number and duration of the treatment cycles, as described in the experimental section.
Table 1 Nanowire parameters and contact angles for the different surfaces Surface Nanowire length (μm) Nanowire diameter (nm) Droplet shape Contact angle Smooth – – 62.5 N1 4 87 25.0 N2 4 120 9.0 N3 8 180 6.0 N4.66 350 4.6.
For DLC coated surfaces, surface graphitisation is important with rougher surfaces; building up transfer layers and graphitisation is crucial for smooth engineering surfaces and hydrogenising of dangling bonds can explain superlubricity for physically smooth surfaces.
Uptake and hydrogen accumulation may be limited by either water vapor transport to Al surfaces, surface reaction rates to produce atomic hydrogen from water, and diffusion through surface oxides and the metal.
In this study, four surfaces were prepared including a hydrophilic surface (surface A), two hydrophobic surfaces (surface B and C) and a superhydrophobic surface (surface D) with the droplet behavior and the droplet growth properties investigated.
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Hydrophilic surfaces (surfaces that soak up water) have a contact angle of less than 90 degrees.
The enhancement of the Raman spectrum of an analyte in proximity to metal surfaces (surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, or SERS) can significantly increase spectral intensity without loss of specificity, and consequently molecular fingerprinting based on SERS has been applied to microorganisms with considerable success [6] [8].
Measurements were performed on IOLs with increasingly complex surface geometries: spherical surfaces, surfaces modelled by higher-order Zernike terms, and freeform surfaces from biometrical patient data.
In Easton Ellis's novel the hero, Patrick Bateman, is a 26-year-old Wall Street investment banker who eventually realises that "surface, surface, surface was all that anyone found meaning in".
The method is based on morphometric determination of relative surface (surface density) and volume (volume density).
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